early-access version 1255

src/video_core/texture_cache/decode_bc4.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <array>
+#include <span>
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/decode_bc4.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/types.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+// https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenGL/extensions/ARB/ARB_texture_compression_rgtc.txt
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr u32 DecompressBlock(u64 bits, u32 x, u32 y) {
+    const u32 code_offset = 16 + 3 * (4 * y + x);
+    const u32 code = (bits >> code_offset) & 7;
+    const u32 red0 = (bits >> 0) & 0xff;
+    const u32 red1 = (bits >> 8) & 0xff;
+    if (red0 > red1) {
+        switch (code) {
+        case 0:
+            return red0;
+        case 1:
+            return red1;
+        case 2:
+            return (6 * red0 + 1 * red1) / 7;
+        case 3:
+            return (5 * red0 + 2 * red1) / 7;
+        case 4:
+            return (4 * red0 + 3 * red1) / 7;
+        case 5:
+            return (3 * red0 + 4 * red1) / 7;
+        case 6:
+            return (2 * red0 + 5 * red1) / 7;
+        case 7:
+            return (1 * red0 + 6 * red1) / 7;
+        }
+    } else {
+        switch (code) {
+        case 0:
+            return red0;
+        case 1:
+            return red1;
+        case 2:
+            return (4 * red0 + 1 * red1) / 5;
+        case 3:
+            return (3 * red0 + 2 * red1) / 5;
+        case 4:
+            return (2 * red0 + 3 * red1) / 5;
+        case 5:
+            return (1 * red0 + 4 * red1) / 5;
+        case 6:
+            return 0;
+        case 7:
+            return 0xff;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void DecompressBC4(std::span<const u8> input, Extent3D extent, std::span<u8> output) {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_IF_MSG(extent.width % 4 != 0, "Unaligned width={}", extent.width);
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_IF_MSG(extent.height % 4 != 0, "Unaligned height={}", extent.height);
+    static constexpr u32 BLOCK_SIZE = 4;
+    size_t input_offset = 0;
+    for (u32 slice = 0; slice < extent.depth; ++slice) {
+        for (u32 block_y = 0; block_y < extent.height / 4; ++block_y) {
+            for (u32 block_x = 0; block_x < extent.width / 4; ++block_x) {
+                u64 bits;
+                std::memcpy(&bits, &input[input_offset], sizeof(bits));
+                input_offset += sizeof(bits);
+
+                for (u32 y = 0; y < BLOCK_SIZE; ++y) {
+                    for (u32 x = 0; x < BLOCK_SIZE; ++x) {
+                        const u32 linear_z = slice;
+                        const u32 linear_y = block_y * BLOCK_SIZE + y;
+                        const u32 linear_x = block_x * BLOCK_SIZE + x;
+                        const u32 offset_z = linear_z * extent.width * extent.height;
+                        const u32 offset_y = linear_y * extent.width;
+                        const u32 offset_x = linear_x;
+                        const u32 output_offset = (offset_z + offset_y + offset_x) * 4ULL;
+                        const u32 color = DecompressBlock(bits, x, y);
+                        output[output_offset + 0] = static_cast<u8>(color);
+                        output[output_offset + 1] = 0;
+                        output[output_offset + 2] = 0;
+                        output[output_offset + 3] = 0xff;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/decode_bc4.h

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <span>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/types.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+void DecompressBC4(std::span<const u8> data, Extent3D extent, std::span<u8> output);
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/descriptor_table.h

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/div_ceil.h"
+#include "common/logging/log.h"
+#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+#include "video_core/rasterizer_interface.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+template <typename Descriptor>
+class DescriptorTable {
+public:
+    explicit DescriptorTable(Tegra::MemoryManager& gpu_memory_) : gpu_memory{gpu_memory_} {}
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool Synchornize(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, u32 limit) {
+        [[likely]] if (current_gpu_addr == gpu_addr && current_limit == limit) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        Refresh(gpu_addr, limit);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    void Invalidate() noexcept {
+        std::ranges::fill(read_descriptors, 0);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::pair<Descriptor, bool> Read(u32 index) {
+        DEBUG_ASSERT(index <= current_limit);
+        const GPUVAddr gpu_addr = current_gpu_addr + index * sizeof(Descriptor);
+        std::pair<Descriptor, bool> result;
+        gpu_memory.ReadBlockUnsafe(gpu_addr, &result.first, sizeof(Descriptor));
+        if (IsDescriptorRead(index)) {
+            result.second = result.first != descriptors[index];
+        } else {
+            MarkDescriptorAsRead(index);
+            result.second = true;
+        }
+        if (result.second) {
+            descriptors[index] = result.first;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] u32 Limit() const noexcept {
+        return current_limit;
+    }
+
+private:
+    void Refresh(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, u32 limit) {
+        current_gpu_addr = gpu_addr;
+        current_limit = limit;
+
+        const size_t num_descriptors = static_cast<size_t>(limit) + 1;
+        read_descriptors.clear();
+        read_descriptors.resize(Common::DivCeil(num_descriptors, 64U), 0);
+        descriptors.resize(num_descriptors);
+    }
+
+    void MarkDescriptorAsRead(u32 index) noexcept {
+        read_descriptors[index / 64] |= 1ULL << (index % 64);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsDescriptorRead(u32 index) const noexcept {
+        return (read_descriptors[index / 64] & (1ULL << (index % 64))) != 0;
+    }
+
+    Tegra::MemoryManager& gpu_memory;
+    GPUVAddr current_gpu_addr{};
+    u32 current_limit{};
+    std::vector<u64> read_descriptors;
+    std::vector<Descriptor> descriptors;
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/format_lookup_table.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/logging/log.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/format_lookup_table.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+using Tegra::Texture::ComponentType;
+using Tegra::Texture::TextureFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
+
+namespace {
+
+constexpr auto SNORM = ComponentType::SNORM;
+constexpr auto UNORM = ComponentType::UNORM;
+constexpr auto SINT = ComponentType::SINT;
+constexpr auto UINT = ComponentType::UINT;
+constexpr auto FLOAT = ComponentType::FLOAT;
+constexpr bool LINEAR = false;
+constexpr bool SRGB = true;
+
+constexpr u32 Hash(TextureFormat format, ComponentType red_component, ComponentType green_component,
+                   ComponentType blue_component, ComponentType alpha_component, bool is_srgb) {
+    u32 hash = is_srgb ? 1 : 0;
+    hash |= static_cast<u32>(red_component) << 1;
+    hash |= static_cast<u32>(green_component) << 4;
+    hash |= static_cast<u32>(blue_component) << 7;
+    hash |= static_cast<u32>(alpha_component) << 10;
+    hash |= static_cast<u32>(format) << 13;
+    return hash;
+}
+
+constexpr u32 Hash(TextureFormat format, ComponentType component, bool is_srgb = LINEAR) {
+    return Hash(format, component, component, component, component, is_srgb);
+}
+
+} // Anonymous namespace
+
+PixelFormat PixelFormatFromTextureInfo(TextureFormat format, ComponentType red, ComponentType green,
+                                       ComponentType blue, ComponentType alpha,
+                                       bool is_srgb) noexcept {
+    switch (Hash(format, red, green, blue, alpha, is_srgb)) {
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::A8R8G8B8, UNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::A8B8G8R8_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::A8R8G8B8, SNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::A8B8G8R8_SNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::A8R8G8B8, UINT):
+        return PixelFormat::A8B8G8R8_UINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::A8R8G8B8, SINT):
+        return PixelFormat::A8B8G8R8_SINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::A8R8G8B8, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::A8B8G8R8_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::B5G6R5, UNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::B5G6R5_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::A2B10G10R10, UNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::A2B10G10R10_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::A2B10G10R10, UINT):
+        return PixelFormat::A2B10G10R10_UINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::A1B5G5R5, UNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::A1B5G5R5_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::A4B4G4R4, UNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::A4B4G4R4_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R8, UNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::R8_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R8, SNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::R8_SNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R8, UINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R8_UINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R8, SINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R8_SINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R8G8, UNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::R8G8_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R8G8, SNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::R8G8_SNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R8G8, UINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R8G8_UINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R8G8, SINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R8G8_SINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16G16B16A16, FLOAT):
+        return PixelFormat::R16G16B16A16_FLOAT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16G16B16A16, UNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::R16G16B16A16_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16G16B16A16, SNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::R16G16B16A16_SNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16G16B16A16, UINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R16G16B16A16_UINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16G16B16A16, SINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R16G16B16A16_SINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16G16, FLOAT):
+        return PixelFormat::R16G16_FLOAT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16G16, UNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::R16G16_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16G16, SNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::R16G16_SNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16G16, UINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R16G16_UINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16G16, SINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R16G16_SINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16, FLOAT):
+        return PixelFormat::R16_FLOAT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16, UNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::R16_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16, SNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::R16_SNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16, UINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R16_UINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R16, SINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R16_SINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::B10G11R11, FLOAT):
+        return PixelFormat::B10G11R11_FLOAT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R32G32B32A32, FLOAT):
+        return PixelFormat::R32G32B32A32_FLOAT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R32G32B32A32, UINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R32G32B32A32_UINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R32G32B32A32, SINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R32G32B32A32_SINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R32G32B32, FLOAT):
+        return PixelFormat::R32G32B32_FLOAT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R32G32, FLOAT):
+        return PixelFormat::R32G32_FLOAT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R32G32, UINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R32G32_UINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R32G32, SINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R32G32_SINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R32, FLOAT):
+        return PixelFormat::R32_FLOAT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R32, UINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R32_UINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R32, SINT):
+        return PixelFormat::R32_SINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::E5B9G9R9, FLOAT):
+        return PixelFormat::E5B9G9R9_FLOAT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::D32, FLOAT):
+        return PixelFormat::D32_FLOAT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::D16, UNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::D16_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::S8D24, UINT, UNORM, UNORM, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::S8_UINT_D24_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::R8G24, UINT, UNORM, UNORM, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::S8_UINT_D24_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::D32S8, FLOAT, UINT, UNORM, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::D32_FLOAT_S8_UINT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::BC1_RGBA, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::BC1_RGBA_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::BC1_RGBA, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::BC1_RGBA_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::BC2, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::BC2_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::BC2, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::BC2_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::BC3, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::BC3_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::BC3, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::BC3_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::BC4, UNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::BC4_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::BC4, SNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::BC4_SNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::BC5, UNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::BC5_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::BC5, SNORM):
+        return PixelFormat::BC5_SNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::BC7, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::BC7_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::BC7, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::BC7_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::BC6H_SFLOAT, FLOAT):
+        return PixelFormat::BC6H_SFLOAT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::BC6H_UFLOAT, FLOAT):
+        return PixelFormat::BC6H_UFLOAT;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_4X4, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_4X4_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_4X4, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_4X4_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_5X4, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_5X4_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_5X4, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_5X4_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_5X5, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_5X5_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_5X5, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_5X5_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_8X8, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_8X8_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_8X8, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_8X8_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_8X5, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_8X5_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_8X5, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_8X5_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_10X8, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_10X8_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_10X8, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_10X8_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_6X6, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_6X6_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_6X6, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_6X6_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_10X10, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_10X10_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_10X10, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_10X10_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_12X12, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_12X12_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_12X12, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_12X12_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_8X6, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_8X6_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_8X6, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_8X6_SRGB;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_6X5, UNORM, LINEAR):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_6X5_UNORM;
+    case Hash(TextureFormat::ASTC_2D_6X5, UNORM, SRGB):
+        return PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_6X5_SRGB;
+    }
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("texture format={} srgb={} components={{{} {} {} {}}}",
+                      static_cast<int>(format), is_srgb, static_cast<int>(red),
+                      static_cast<int>(green), static_cast<int>(blue), static_cast<int>(alpha));
+    return PixelFormat::A8B8G8R8_UNORM;
+}
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/format_lookup_table.h

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/texture.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat PixelFormatFromTextureInfo(
+    Tegra::Texture::TextureFormat format, Tegra::Texture::ComponentType red_component,
+    Tegra::Texture::ComponentType green_component, Tegra::Texture::ComponentType blue_component,
+    Tegra::Texture::ComponentType alpha_component, bool is_srgb) noexcept;
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/formatter.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/formatter.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+std::string Name(const ImageBase& image) {
+    const GPUVAddr gpu_addr = image.gpu_addr;
+    const ImageInfo& info = image.info;
+    const u32 width = info.size.width;
+    const u32 height = info.size.height;
+    const u32 depth = info.size.depth;
+    const u32 num_layers = image.info.resources.layers;
+    const u32 num_levels = image.info.resources.levels;
+    std::string resource;
+    if (num_layers > 1) {
+        resource += fmt::format(":L{}", num_layers);
+    }
+    if (num_levels > 1) {
+        resource += fmt::format(":M{}", num_levels);
+    }
+    switch (image.info.type) {
+    case ImageType::e1D:
+        return fmt::format("Image 1D 0x{:x} {}{}", gpu_addr, width, resource);
+    case ImageType::e2D:
+        return fmt::format("Image 2D 0x{:x} {}x{}{}", gpu_addr, width, height, resource);
+    case ImageType::e3D:
+        return fmt::format("Image 2D 0x{:x} {}x{}x{}{}", gpu_addr, width, height, depth, resource);
+    case ImageType::Linear:
+        return fmt::format("Image Linear 0x{:x} {}x{}", gpu_addr, width, height);
+    case ImageType::Buffer:
+        return fmt::format("Buffer 0x{:x} {}", image.gpu_addr, image.info.size.width);
+    }
+    return "Invalid";
+}
+
+std::string Name(const ImageViewBase& image_view, std::optional<ImageViewType> type) {
+    const u32 width = image_view.size.width;
+    const u32 height = image_view.size.height;
+    const u32 depth = image_view.size.depth;
+    const u32 num_levels = image_view.range.extent.levels;
+    const u32 num_layers = image_view.range.extent.layers;
+
+    const std::string level = num_levels > 1 ? fmt::format(":{}", num_levels) : "";
+    switch (type.value_or(image_view.type)) {
+    case ImageViewType::e1D:
+        return fmt::format("ImageView 1D {}{}", width, level);
+    case ImageViewType::e2D:
+        return fmt::format("ImageView 2D {}x{}{}", width, height, level);
+    case ImageViewType::Cube:
+        return fmt::format("ImageView Cube {}x{}{}", width, height, level);
+    case ImageViewType::e3D:
+        return fmt::format("ImageView 3D {}x{}x{}{}", width, height, depth, level);
+    case ImageViewType::e1DArray:
+        return fmt::format("ImageView 1DArray {}{}|{}", width, level, num_layers);
+    case ImageViewType::e2DArray:
+        return fmt::format("ImageView 2DArray {}x{}{}|{}", width, height, level, num_layers);
+    case ImageViewType::CubeArray:
+        return fmt::format("ImageView CubeArray {}x{}{}|{}", width, height, level, num_layers);
+    case ImageViewType::Rect:
+        return fmt::format("ImageView Rect {}x{}{}", width, height, level);
+    case ImageViewType::Buffer:
+        return fmt::format("BufferView {}", width);
+    }
+    return "Invalid";
+}
+
+std::string Name(const RenderTargets& render_targets) {
+    std::string_view debug_prefix;
+    const auto num_color = std::ranges::count_if(
+        render_targets.color_buffer_ids, [](ImageViewId id) { return static_cast<bool>(id); });
+    if (render_targets.depth_buffer_id) {
+        debug_prefix = num_color > 0 ? "R" : "Z";
+    } else {
+        debug_prefix = num_color > 0 ? "C" : "X";
+    }
+    const Extent2D size = render_targets.size;
+    if (num_color > 0) {
+        return fmt::format("Framebuffer {}{} {}x{}", debug_prefix, num_color, size.width,
+                           size.height);
+    } else {
+        return fmt::format("Framebuffer {} {}x{}", debug_prefix, size.width, size.height);
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/formatter.h

@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <fmt/format.h>
+
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h"
+
+template <>
+struct fmt::formatter<VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat> : fmt::formatter<fmt::string_view> {
+    template <typename FormatContext>
+    auto format(VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat format, FormatContext& ctx) {
+        using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
+        const string_view name = [format] {
+            switch (format) {
+            case PixelFormat::A8B8G8R8_UNORM:
+                return "A8B8G8R8_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::A8B8G8R8_SNORM:
+                return "A8B8G8R8_SNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::A8B8G8R8_SINT:
+                return "A8B8G8R8_SINT";
+            case PixelFormat::A8B8G8R8_UINT:
+                return "A8B8G8R8_UINT";
+            case PixelFormat::R5G6B5_UNORM:
+                return "R5G6B5_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::B5G6R5_UNORM:
+                return "B5G6R5_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::A1R5G5B5_UNORM:
+                return "A1R5G5B5_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::A2B10G10R10_UNORM:
+                return "A2B10G10R10_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::A2B10G10R10_UINT:
+                return "A2B10G10R10_UINT";
+            case PixelFormat::A1B5G5R5_UNORM:
+                return "A1B5G5R5_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::R8_UNORM:
+                return "R8_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::R8_SNORM:
+                return "R8_SNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::R8_SINT:
+                return "R8_SINT";
+            case PixelFormat::R8_UINT:
+                return "R8_UINT";
+            case PixelFormat::R16G16B16A16_FLOAT:
+                return "R16G16B16A16_FLOAT";
+            case PixelFormat::R16G16B16A16_UNORM:
+                return "R16G16B16A16_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::R16G16B16A16_SNORM:
+                return "R16G16B16A16_SNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::R16G16B16A16_SINT:
+                return "R16G16B16A16_SINT";
+            case PixelFormat::R16G16B16A16_UINT:
+                return "R16G16B16A16_UINT";
+            case PixelFormat::B10G11R11_FLOAT:
+                return "B10G11R11_FLOAT";
+            case PixelFormat::R32G32B32A32_UINT:
+                return "R32G32B32A32_UINT";
+            case PixelFormat::BC1_RGBA_UNORM:
+                return "BC1_RGBA_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::BC2_UNORM:
+                return "BC2_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::BC3_UNORM:
+                return "BC3_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::BC4_UNORM:
+                return "BC4_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::BC4_SNORM:
+                return "BC4_SNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::BC5_UNORM:
+                return "BC5_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::BC5_SNORM:
+                return "BC5_SNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::BC7_UNORM:
+                return "BC7_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::BC6H_UFLOAT:
+                return "BC6H_UFLOAT";
+            case PixelFormat::BC6H_SFLOAT:
+                return "BC6H_SFLOAT";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_4X4_UNORM:
+                return "ASTC_2D_4X4_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::B8G8R8A8_UNORM:
+                return "B8G8R8A8_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::R32G32B32A32_FLOAT:
+                return "R32G32B32A32_FLOAT";
+            case PixelFormat::R32G32B32A32_SINT:
+                return "R32G32B32A32_SINT";
+            case PixelFormat::R32G32_FLOAT:
+                return "R32G32_FLOAT";
+            case PixelFormat::R32G32_SINT:
+                return "R32G32_SINT";
+            case PixelFormat::R32_FLOAT:
+                return "R32_FLOAT";
+            case PixelFormat::R16_FLOAT:
+                return "R16_FLOAT";
+            case PixelFormat::R16_UNORM:
+                return "R16_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::R16_SNORM:
+                return "R16_SNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::R16_UINT:
+                return "R16_UINT";
+            case PixelFormat::R16_SINT:
+                return "R16_SINT";
+            case PixelFormat::R16G16_UNORM:
+                return "R16G16_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::R16G16_FLOAT:
+                return "R16G16_FLOAT";
+            case PixelFormat::R16G16_UINT:
+                return "R16G16_UINT";
+            case PixelFormat::R16G16_SINT:
+                return "R16G16_SINT";
+            case PixelFormat::R16G16_SNORM:
+                return "R16G16_SNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::R32G32B32_FLOAT:
+                return "R32G32B32_FLOAT";
+            case PixelFormat::A8B8G8R8_SRGB:
+                return "A8B8G8R8_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::R8G8_UNORM:
+                return "R8G8_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::R8G8_SNORM:
+                return "R8G8_SNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::R8G8_SINT:
+                return "R8G8_SINT";
+            case PixelFormat::R8G8_UINT:
+                return "R8G8_UINT";
+            case PixelFormat::R32G32_UINT:
+                return "R32G32_UINT";
+            case PixelFormat::R16G16B16X16_FLOAT:
+                return "R16G16B16X16_FLOAT";
+            case PixelFormat::R32_UINT:
+                return "R32_UINT";
+            case PixelFormat::R32_SINT:
+                return "R32_SINT";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_8X8_UNORM:
+                return "ASTC_2D_8X8_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_8X5_UNORM:
+                return "ASTC_2D_8X5_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_5X4_UNORM:
+                return "ASTC_2D_5X4_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::B8G8R8A8_SRGB:
+                return "B8G8R8A8_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::BC1_RGBA_SRGB:
+                return "BC1_RGBA_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::BC2_SRGB:
+                return "BC2_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::BC3_SRGB:
+                return "BC3_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::BC7_SRGB:
+                return "BC7_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::A4B4G4R4_UNORM:
+                return "A4B4G4R4_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_4X4_SRGB:
+                return "ASTC_2D_4X4_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_8X8_SRGB:
+                return "ASTC_2D_8X8_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_8X5_SRGB:
+                return "ASTC_2D_8X5_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_5X4_SRGB:
+                return "ASTC_2D_5X4_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_5X5_UNORM:
+                return "ASTC_2D_5X5_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_5X5_SRGB:
+                return "ASTC_2D_5X5_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_10X8_UNORM:
+                return "ASTC_2D_10X8_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_10X8_SRGB:
+                return "ASTC_2D_10X8_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_6X6_UNORM:
+                return "ASTC_2D_6X6_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_6X6_SRGB:
+                return "ASTC_2D_6X6_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_10X10_UNORM:
+                return "ASTC_2D_10X10_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_10X10_SRGB:
+                return "ASTC_2D_10X10_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_12X12_UNORM:
+                return "ASTC_2D_12X12_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_12X12_SRGB:
+                return "ASTC_2D_12X12_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_8X6_UNORM:
+                return "ASTC_2D_8X6_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_8X6_SRGB:
+                return "ASTC_2D_8X6_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_6X5_UNORM:
+                return "ASTC_2D_6X5_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::ASTC_2D_6X5_SRGB:
+                return "ASTC_2D_6X5_SRGB";
+            case PixelFormat::E5B9G9R9_FLOAT:
+                return "E5B9G9R9_FLOAT";
+            case PixelFormat::D32_FLOAT:
+                return "D32_FLOAT";
+            case PixelFormat::D16_UNORM:
+                return "D16_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::D24_UNORM_S8_UINT:
+                return "D24_UNORM_S8_UINT";
+            case PixelFormat::S8_UINT_D24_UNORM:
+                return "S8_UINT_D24_UNORM";
+            case PixelFormat::D32_FLOAT_S8_UINT:
+                return "D32_FLOAT_S8_UINT";
+            case PixelFormat::MaxDepthStencilFormat:
+            case PixelFormat::Invalid:
+                return "Invalid";
+            }
+            return "Invalid";
+        }();
+        return formatter<string_view>::format(name, ctx);
+    }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct fmt::formatter<VideoCommon::ImageType> : fmt::formatter<fmt::string_view> {
+    template <typename FormatContext>
+    auto format(VideoCommon::ImageType type, FormatContext& ctx) {
+        const string_view name = [type] {
+            using VideoCommon::ImageType;
+            switch (type) {
+            case ImageType::e1D:
+                return "1D";
+            case ImageType::e2D:
+                return "2D";
+            case ImageType::e3D:
+                return "3D";
+            case ImageType::Linear:
+                return "Linear";
+            case ImageType::Buffer:
+                return "Buffer";
+            }
+            return "Invalid";
+        }();
+        return formatter<string_view>::format(name, ctx);
+    }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct fmt::formatter<VideoCommon::Extent3D> {
+    constexpr auto parse(fmt::format_parse_context& ctx) {
+        return ctx.begin();
+    }
+
+    template <typename FormatContext>
+    auto format(const VideoCommon::Extent3D& extent, FormatContext& ctx) {
+        return fmt::format_to(ctx.out(), "{{{}, {}, {}}}", extent.width, extent.height,
+                              extent.depth);
+    }
+};
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+struct ImageBase;
+struct ImageViewBase;
+struct RenderTargets;
+
+[[nodiscard]] std::string Name(const ImageBase& image);
+
+[[nodiscard]] std::string Name(const ImageViewBase& image_view,
+                               std::optional<ImageViewType> type = std::nullopt);
+
+[[nodiscard]] std::string Name(const RenderTargets& render_targets);
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/image_base.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <optional>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/formatter.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_base.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_view_info.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/util.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+using VideoCore::Surface::DefaultBlockHeight;
+using VideoCore::Surface::DefaultBlockWidth;
+
+namespace {
+/// Returns the base layer and mip level offset
+[[nodiscard]] std::pair<s32, s32> LayerMipOffset(s32 diff, u32 layer_stride) {
+    if (layer_stride == 0) {
+        return {0, diff};
+    } else {
+        return {diff / layer_stride, diff % layer_stride};
+    }
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] bool ValidateLayers(const SubresourceLayers& layers, const ImageInfo& info) {
+    return layers.base_level < info.resources.levels &&
+           layers.base_layer + layers.num_layers <= info.resources.layers;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] bool ValidateCopy(const ImageCopy& copy, const ImageInfo& dst, const ImageInfo& src) {
+    const Extent3D src_size = MipSize(src.size, copy.src_subresource.base_level);
+    const Extent3D dst_size = MipSize(dst.size, copy.dst_subresource.base_level);
+    if (!ValidateLayers(copy.src_subresource, src)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!ValidateLayers(copy.dst_subresource, dst)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (copy.src_offset.x + copy.extent.width > src_size.width ||
+        copy.src_offset.y + copy.extent.height > src_size.height ||
+        copy.src_offset.z + copy.extent.depth > src_size.depth) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (copy.dst_offset.x + copy.extent.width > dst_size.width ||
+        copy.dst_offset.y + copy.extent.height > dst_size.height ||
+        copy.dst_offset.z + copy.extent.depth > dst_size.depth) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+} // Anonymous namespace
+
+ImageBase::ImageBase(const ImageInfo& info_, GPUVAddr gpu_addr_, VAddr cpu_addr_)
+    : info{info_}, guest_size_bytes{CalculateGuestSizeInBytes(info)},
+      unswizzled_size_bytes{CalculateUnswizzledSizeBytes(info)},
+      converted_size_bytes{CalculateConvertedSizeBytes(info)}, gpu_addr{gpu_addr_},
+      cpu_addr{cpu_addr_}, cpu_addr_end{cpu_addr + guest_size_bytes},
+      mip_level_offsets{CalculateMipLevelOffsets(info)} {
+    if (info.type == ImageType::e3D) {
+        slice_offsets = CalculateSliceOffsets(info);
+        slice_subresources = CalculateSliceSubresources(info);
+    }
+}
+
+std::optional<SubresourceBase> ImageBase::TryFindBase(GPUVAddr other_addr) const noexcept {
+    if (other_addr < gpu_addr) {
+        // Subresource address can't be lower than the base
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+    const u32 diff = static_cast<u32>(other_addr - gpu_addr);
+    if (diff > guest_size_bytes) {
+        // This can happen when two CPU addresses are used for different GPU addresses
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+    if (info.type != ImageType::e3D) {
+        const auto [layer, mip_offset] = LayerMipOffset(diff, info.layer_stride);
+        const auto end = mip_level_offsets.begin() + info.resources.levels;
+        const auto it = std::find(mip_level_offsets.begin(), end, mip_offset);
+        if (layer > info.resources.layers || it == end) {
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+        return SubresourceBase{
+            .level = static_cast<s32>(std::distance(mip_level_offsets.begin(), it)),
+            .layer = layer,
+        };
+    } else {
+        // TODO: Consider using binary_search after a threshold
+        const auto it = std::ranges::find(slice_offsets, diff);
+        if (it == slice_offsets.cend()) {
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+        return slice_subresources[std::distance(slice_offsets.begin(), it)];
+    }
+}
+
+ImageViewId ImageBase::FindView(const ImageViewInfo& view_info) const noexcept {
+    const auto it = std::ranges::find(image_view_infos, view_info);
+    if (it == image_view_infos.end()) {
+        return ImageViewId{};
+    }
+    return image_view_ids[std::distance(image_view_infos.begin(), it)];
+}
+
+void ImageBase::InsertView(const ImageViewInfo& view_info, ImageViewId image_view_id) {
+    image_view_infos.push_back(view_info);
+    image_view_ids.push_back(image_view_id);
+}
+
+void AddImageAlias(ImageBase& lhs, ImageBase& rhs, ImageId lhs_id, ImageId rhs_id) {
+    static constexpr auto OPTIONS = RelaxedOptions::Size | RelaxedOptions::Format;
+    ASSERT(lhs.info.type == rhs.info.type);
+    std::optional<SubresourceBase> base;
+    if (lhs.info.type == ImageType::Linear) {
+        base = SubresourceBase{.level = 0, .layer = 0};
+    } else {
+        base = FindSubresource(rhs.info, lhs, rhs.gpu_addr, OPTIONS);
+    }
+    if (!base) {
+        LOG_ERROR(HW_GPU, "Image alias should have been flipped");
+        return;
+    }
+    const PixelFormat lhs_format = lhs.info.format;
+    const PixelFormat rhs_format = rhs.info.format;
+    const Extent2D lhs_block{
+        .width = DefaultBlockWidth(lhs_format),
+        .height = DefaultBlockHeight(lhs_format),
+    };
+    const Extent2D rhs_block{
+        .width = DefaultBlockWidth(rhs_format),
+        .height = DefaultBlockHeight(rhs_format),
+    };
+    const bool is_lhs_compressed = lhs_block.width > 1 || lhs_block.height > 1;
+    const bool is_rhs_compressed = rhs_block.width > 1 || rhs_block.height > 1;
+    if (is_lhs_compressed && is_rhs_compressed) {
+        LOG_ERROR(HW_GPU, "Compressed to compressed image aliasing is not implemented");
+        return;
+    }
+    const s32 lhs_mips = lhs.info.resources.levels;
+    const s32 rhs_mips = rhs.info.resources.levels;
+    const s32 num_mips = std::min(lhs_mips - base->level, rhs_mips);
+    AliasedImage lhs_alias;
+    AliasedImage rhs_alias;
+    lhs_alias.id = rhs_id;
+    rhs_alias.id = lhs_id;
+    lhs_alias.copies.reserve(num_mips);
+    rhs_alias.copies.reserve(num_mips);
+    for (s32 mip_level = 0; mip_level < num_mips; ++mip_level) {
+        Extent3D lhs_size = MipSize(lhs.info.size, base->level + mip_level);
+        Extent3D rhs_size = MipSize(rhs.info.size, mip_level);
+        if (is_lhs_compressed) {
+            lhs_size.width /= lhs_block.width;
+            lhs_size.height /= lhs_block.height;
+        }
+        if (is_rhs_compressed) {
+            rhs_size.width /= rhs_block.width;
+            rhs_size.height /= rhs_block.height;
+        }
+        const Extent3D copy_size{
+            .width = std::min(lhs_size.width, rhs_size.width),
+            .height = std::min(lhs_size.height, rhs_size.height),
+            .depth = std::min(lhs_size.depth, rhs_size.depth),
+        };
+        if (copy_size.width == 0 || copy_size.height == 0) {
+            LOG_WARNING(HW_GPU, "Copy size is smaller than block size. Mip cannot be aliased.");
+            continue;
+        }
+        const bool is_lhs_3d = lhs.info.type == ImageType::e3D;
+        const bool is_rhs_3d = rhs.info.type == ImageType::e3D;
+        const Offset3D lhs_offset{0, 0, 0};
+        const Offset3D rhs_offset{0, 0, is_rhs_3d ? base->layer : 0};
+        const s32 lhs_layers = is_lhs_3d ? 1 : lhs.info.resources.layers - base->layer;
+        const s32 rhs_layers = is_rhs_3d ? 1 : rhs.info.resources.layers;
+        const s32 num_layers = std::min(lhs_layers, rhs_layers);
+        const SubresourceLayers lhs_subresource{
+            .base_level = mip_level,
+            .base_layer = 0,
+            .num_layers = num_layers,
+        };
+        const SubresourceLayers rhs_subresource{
+            .base_level = base->level + mip_level,
+            .base_layer = is_rhs_3d ? 0 : base->layer,
+            .num_layers = num_layers,
+        };
+        [[maybe_unused]] const ImageCopy& to_lhs_copy = lhs_alias.copies.emplace_back(ImageCopy{
+            .src_subresource = lhs_subresource,
+            .dst_subresource = rhs_subresource,
+            .src_offset = lhs_offset,
+            .dst_offset = rhs_offset,
+            .extent = copy_size,
+        });
+        [[maybe_unused]] const ImageCopy& to_rhs_copy = rhs_alias.copies.emplace_back(ImageCopy{
+            .src_subresource = rhs_subresource,
+            .dst_subresource = lhs_subresource,
+            .src_offset = rhs_offset,
+            .dst_offset = lhs_offset,
+            .extent = copy_size,
+        });
+        ASSERT_MSG(ValidateCopy(to_lhs_copy, lhs.info, rhs.info), "Invalid RHS to LHS copy");
+        ASSERT_MSG(ValidateCopy(to_rhs_copy, rhs.info, lhs.info), "Invalid LHS to RHS copy");
+    }
+    ASSERT(lhs_alias.copies.empty() == rhs_alias.copies.empty());
+    if (lhs_alias.copies.empty()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    lhs.aliased_images.push_back(std::move(lhs_alias));
+    rhs.aliased_images.push_back(std::move(rhs_alias));
+}
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/image_base.h

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <optional>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_info.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_view_info.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/types.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+enum class ImageFlagBits : u32 {
+    AcceleratedUpload = 1 << 0, ///< Upload can be accelerated in the GPU
+    Converted = 1 << 1,   ///< Guest format is not supported natively and it has to be converted
+    CpuModified = 1 << 2, ///< Contents have been modified from the CPU
+    GpuModified = 1 << 3, ///< Contents have been modified from the GPU
+    Tracked = 1 << 4,     ///< Writes and reads are being hooked from the CPU JIT
+    Strong = 1 << 5,      ///< Exists in the image table, the dimensions are can be trusted
+    Registered = 1 << 6,  ///< True when the image is registered
+    Picked = 1 << 7,      ///< Temporary flag to mark the image as picked
+};
+DECLARE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS(ImageFlagBits)
+
+struct ImageViewInfo;
+
+struct AliasedImage {
+    std::vector<ImageCopy> copies;
+    ImageId id;
+};
+
+struct ImageBase {
+    explicit ImageBase(const ImageInfo& info, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, VAddr cpu_addr);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<SubresourceBase> TryFindBase(GPUVAddr other_addr) const noexcept;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] ImageViewId FindView(const ImageViewInfo& view_info) const noexcept;
+
+    void InsertView(const ImageViewInfo& view_info, ImageViewId image_view_id);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool Overlaps(VAddr overlap_cpu_addr, size_t overlap_size) const noexcept {
+        const VAddr overlap_end = overlap_cpu_addr + overlap_size;
+        return cpu_addr < overlap_end && overlap_cpu_addr < cpu_addr_end;
+    }
+
+    ImageInfo info;
+
+    u32 guest_size_bytes = 0;
+    u32 unswizzled_size_bytes = 0;
+    u32 converted_size_bytes = 0;
+    ImageFlagBits flags = ImageFlagBits::CpuModified;
+
+    GPUVAddr gpu_addr = 0;
+    VAddr cpu_addr = 0;
+    VAddr cpu_addr_end = 0;
+
+    u64 modification_tick = 0;
+    u64 frame_tick = 0;
+
+    std::array<u32, MAX_MIP_LEVELS> mip_level_offsets{};
+
+    std::vector<ImageViewInfo> image_view_infos;
+    std::vector<ImageViewId> image_view_ids;
+
+    std::vector<u32> slice_offsets;
+    std::vector<SubresourceBase> slice_subresources;
+
+    std::vector<AliasedImage> aliased_images;
+};
+
+struct ImageAllocBase {
+    std::vector<ImageId> images;
+};
+
+void AddImageAlias(ImageBase& lhs, ImageBase& rhs, ImageId lhs_id, ImageId rhs_id);
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/image_info.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/format_lookup_table.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_info.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/samples_helper.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/types.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/util.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/texture.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+using Tegra::Texture::TextureType;
+using Tegra::Texture::TICEntry;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
+
+ImageInfo::ImageInfo(const TICEntry& config) noexcept {
+    format = PixelFormatFromTextureInfo(config.format, config.r_type, config.g_type, config.b_type,
+                                        config.a_type, config.srgb_conversion);
+    num_samples = NumSamples(config.msaa_mode);
+    resources.levels = config.max_mip_level + 1;
+    if (config.IsPitchLinear()) {
+        pitch = config.Pitch();
+    } else if (config.IsBlockLinear()) {
+        block = Extent3D{
+            .width = config.block_width,
+            .height = config.block_height,
+            .depth = config.block_depth,
+        };
+    }
+    tile_width_spacing = config.tile_width_spacing;
+    if (config.texture_type != TextureType::Texture2D &&
+        config.texture_type != TextureType::Texture2DNoMipmap) {
+        ASSERT(!config.IsPitchLinear());
+    }
+    switch (config.texture_type) {
+    case TextureType::Texture1D:
+        ASSERT(config.BaseLayer() == 0);
+        type = ImageType::e1D;
+        size.width = config.Width();
+        break;
+    case TextureType::Texture1DArray:
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(config.BaseLayer() != 0);
+        type = ImageType::e1D;
+        size.width = config.Width();
+        resources.layers = config.Depth();
+        break;
+    case TextureType::Texture2D:
+    case TextureType::Texture2DNoMipmap:
+        ASSERT(config.Depth() == 1);
+        type = config.IsPitchLinear() ? ImageType::Linear : ImageType::e2D;
+        size.width = config.Width();
+        size.height = config.Height();
+        resources.layers = config.BaseLayer() + 1;
+        break;
+    case TextureType::Texture2DArray:
+        type = ImageType::e2D;
+        size.width = config.Width();
+        size.height = config.Height();
+        resources.layers = config.BaseLayer() + config.Depth();
+        break;
+    case TextureType::TextureCubemap:
+        ASSERT(config.Depth() == 1);
+        type = ImageType::e2D;
+        size.width = config.Width();
+        size.height = config.Height();
+        resources.layers = config.BaseLayer() + 6;
+        break;
+    case TextureType::TextureCubeArray:
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(config.load_store_hint != 0);
+        type = ImageType::e2D;
+        size.width = config.Width();
+        size.height = config.Height();
+        resources.layers = config.BaseLayer() + config.Depth() * 6;
+        break;
+    case TextureType::Texture3D:
+        ASSERT(config.BaseLayer() == 0);
+        type = ImageType::e3D;
+        size.width = config.Width();
+        size.height = config.Height();
+        size.depth = config.Depth();
+        break;
+    case TextureType::Texture1DBuffer:
+        type = ImageType::Buffer;
+        size.width = config.Width();
+        break;
+    default:
+        UNREACHABLE_MSG("Invalid texture_type={}", static_cast<int>(config.texture_type.Value()));
+        break;
+    }
+    if (type != ImageType::Linear) {
+        // FIXME: Call this without passing *this
+        layer_stride = CalculateLayerStride(*this);
+        maybe_unaligned_layer_stride = CalculateLayerSize(*this);
+    }
+}
+
+ImageInfo::ImageInfo(const Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs& regs, size_t index) noexcept {
+    const auto& rt = regs.rt[index];
+    format = VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(rt.format);
+    if (rt.tile_mode.is_pitch_linear) {
+        ASSERT(rt.tile_mode.is_3d == 0);
+        type = ImageType::Linear;
+        pitch = rt.width;
+        size = Extent3D{
+            .width = pitch / BytesPerBlock(format),
+            .height = rt.height,
+            .depth = 1,
+        };
+        return;
+    }
+    size.width = rt.width;
+    size.height = rt.height;
+    layer_stride = rt.layer_stride * 4;
+    maybe_unaligned_layer_stride = layer_stride;
+    num_samples = NumSamples(regs.multisample_mode);
+    block = Extent3D{
+        .width = rt.tile_mode.block_width,
+        .height = rt.tile_mode.block_height,
+        .depth = rt.tile_mode.block_depth,
+    };
+    if (rt.tile_mode.is_3d) {
+        type = ImageType::e3D;
+        size.depth = rt.depth;
+    } else {
+        type = ImageType::e2D;
+        resources.layers = rt.depth;
+    }
+}
+
+ImageInfo::ImageInfo(const Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs& regs) noexcept {
+    format = VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromDepthFormat(regs.zeta.format);
+    size.width = regs.zeta_width;
+    size.height = regs.zeta_height;
+    resources.levels = 1;
+    layer_stride = regs.zeta.layer_stride * 4;
+    maybe_unaligned_layer_stride = layer_stride;
+    num_samples = NumSamples(regs.multisample_mode);
+    block = Extent3D{
+        .width = regs.zeta.tile_mode.block_width,
+        .height = regs.zeta.tile_mode.block_height,
+        .depth = regs.zeta.tile_mode.block_depth,
+    };
+    if (regs.zeta.tile_mode.is_pitch_linear) {
+        ASSERT(regs.zeta.tile_mode.is_3d == 0);
+        type = ImageType::Linear;
+        pitch = size.width * BytesPerBlock(format);
+    } else if (regs.zeta.tile_mode.is_3d) {
+        ASSERT(regs.zeta.tile_mode.is_pitch_linear == 0);
+        type = ImageType::e3D;
+        size.depth = regs.zeta_depth;
+    } else {
+        type = ImageType::e2D;
+        resources.layers = regs.zeta_depth;
+    }
+}
+
+ImageInfo::ImageInfo(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& config) noexcept {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_IF_MSG(config.layer != 0, "Surface layer is not zero");
+    format = VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(config.format);
+    if (config.linear == Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::MemoryLayout::Pitch) {
+        type = ImageType::Linear;
+        size = Extent3D{
+            .width = config.pitch / VideoCore::Surface::BytesPerBlock(format),
+            .height = config.height,
+            .depth = 1,
+        };
+        pitch = config.pitch;
+    } else {
+        type = config.block_depth > 0 ? ImageType::e3D : ImageType::e2D;
+        block = Extent3D{
+            .width = config.block_width,
+            .height = config.block_height,
+            .depth = config.block_depth,
+        };
+        // 3D blits with more than once slice are not implemented for now
+        // Render to individual slices
+        size = Extent3D{
+            .width = config.width,
+            .height = config.height,
+            .depth = 1,
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/image_info.h

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/types.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+using Tegra::Texture::TICEntry;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
+
+struct ImageInfo {
+    explicit ImageInfo() = default;
+    explicit ImageInfo(const TICEntry& config) noexcept;
+    explicit ImageInfo(const Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs& regs, size_t index) noexcept;
+    explicit ImageInfo(const Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs& regs) noexcept;
+    explicit ImageInfo(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& config) noexcept;
+
+    PixelFormat format = PixelFormat::Invalid;
+    ImageType type = ImageType::e1D;
+    SubresourceExtent resources;
+    Extent3D size{1, 1, 1};
+    union {
+        Extent3D block{0, 0, 0};
+        u32 pitch;
+    };
+    u32 layer_stride = 0;
+    u32 maybe_unaligned_layer_stride = 0;
+    u32 num_samples = 1;
+    u32 tile_width_spacing = 0;
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/image_view_base.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include <algorithm>
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "core/settings.h"
+#include "video_core/compatible_formats.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/formatter.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_info.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_view_base.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_view_info.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/types.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+ImageViewBase::ImageViewBase(const ImageViewInfo& info, const ImageInfo& image_info,
+                             ImageId image_id_)
+    : image_id{image_id_}, format{info.format}, type{info.type}, range{info.range},
+      size{
+          .width = std::max(image_info.size.width >> range.base.level, 1u),
+          .height = std::max(image_info.size.height >> range.base.level, 1u),
+          .depth = std::max(image_info.size.depth >> range.base.level, 1u),
+      } {
+    ASSERT_MSG(VideoCore::Surface::IsViewCompatible(image_info.format, info.format),
+               "Image view format {} is incompatible with image format {}", info.format,
+               image_info.format);
+    const bool is_async = Settings::values.use_asynchronous_gpu_emulation.GetValue();
+    if (image_info.type == ImageType::Linear && is_async) {
+        flags |= ImageViewFlagBits::PreemtiveDownload;
+    }
+    if (image_info.type == ImageType::e3D && info.type != ImageViewType::e3D) {
+        flags |= ImageViewFlagBits::Slice;
+    }
+}
+
+ImageViewBase::ImageViewBase(const NullImageParams&) {}
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/image_view_base.h

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/types.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
+
+struct ImageViewInfo;
+struct ImageInfo;
+
+struct NullImageParams {};
+
+enum class ImageViewFlagBits : u16 {
+    PreemtiveDownload = 1 << 0,
+    Strong = 1 << 1,
+    Slice = 1 << 2,
+};
+DECLARE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS(ImageViewFlagBits)
+
+struct ImageViewBase {
+    explicit ImageViewBase(const ImageViewInfo& info, const ImageInfo& image_info,
+                           ImageId image_id);
+    explicit ImageViewBase(const NullImageParams&);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsBuffer() const noexcept {
+        return type == ImageViewType::Buffer;
+    }
+
+    ImageId image_id{};
+    PixelFormat format{};
+    ImageViewType type{};
+    SubresourceRange range;
+    Extent3D size{0, 0, 0};
+    ImageViewFlagBits flags{};
+
+    u64 invalidation_tick = 0;
+    u64 modification_tick = 0;
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/image_view_info.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include <limits>
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_view_info.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/types.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/texture.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+namespace {
+
+constexpr u8 RENDER_TARGET_SWIZZLE = std::numeric_limits<u8>::max();
+
+[[nodiscard]] u8 CastSwizzle(SwizzleSource source) {
+    const u8 casted = static_cast<u8>(source);
+    ASSERT(static_cast<SwizzleSource>(casted) == source);
+    return casted;
+}
+
+} // Anonymous namespace
+
+ImageViewInfo::ImageViewInfo(const TICEntry& config, s32 base_layer) noexcept
+    : format{PixelFormatFromTIC(config)}, x_source{CastSwizzle(config.x_source)},
+      y_source{CastSwizzle(config.y_source)}, z_source{CastSwizzle(config.z_source)},
+      w_source{CastSwizzle(config.w_source)} {
+    range.base = SubresourceBase{
+        .level = static_cast<s32>(config.res_min_mip_level),
+        .layer = base_layer,
+    };
+    range.extent.levels = config.res_max_mip_level - config.res_min_mip_level + 1;
+
+    switch (config.texture_type) {
+    case TextureType::Texture1D:
+        ASSERT(config.Height() == 1);
+        ASSERT(config.Depth() == 1);
+        type = ImageViewType::e1D;
+        break;
+    case TextureType::Texture2D:
+    case TextureType::Texture2DNoMipmap:
+        ASSERT(config.Depth() == 1);
+        type = config.normalized_coords ? ImageViewType::e2D : ImageViewType::Rect;
+        break;
+    case TextureType::Texture3D:
+        type = ImageViewType::e3D;
+        break;
+    case TextureType::TextureCubemap:
+        ASSERT(config.Depth() == 1);
+        type = ImageViewType::Cube;
+        range.extent.layers = 6;
+        break;
+    case TextureType::Texture1DArray:
+        type = ImageViewType::e1DArray;
+        range.extent.layers = config.Depth();
+        break;
+    case TextureType::Texture2DArray:
+        type = ImageViewType::e2DArray;
+        range.extent.layers = config.Depth();
+        break;
+    case TextureType::Texture1DBuffer:
+        type = ImageViewType::Buffer;
+        break;
+    case TextureType::TextureCubeArray:
+        type = ImageViewType::CubeArray;
+        range.extent.layers = config.Depth() * 6;
+        break;
+    default:
+        UNREACHABLE_MSG("Invalid texture_type={}", static_cast<int>(config.texture_type.Value()));
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+ImageViewInfo::ImageViewInfo(ImageViewType type_, PixelFormat format_,
+                             SubresourceRange range_) noexcept
+    : type{type_}, format{format_}, range{range_}, x_source{RENDER_TARGET_SWIZZLE},
+      y_source{RENDER_TARGET_SWIZZLE}, z_source{RENDER_TARGET_SWIZZLE},
+      w_source{RENDER_TARGET_SWIZZLE} {}
+
+bool ImageViewInfo::IsRenderTarget() const noexcept {
+    return x_source == RENDER_TARGET_SWIZZLE && y_source == RENDER_TARGET_SWIZZLE &&
+           z_source == RENDER_TARGET_SWIZZLE && w_source == RENDER_TARGET_SWIZZLE;
+}
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/image_view_info.h

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/types.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/texture.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+using Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource;
+using Tegra::Texture::TICEntry;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
+
+/// Properties used to determine a image view
+struct ImageViewInfo {
+    explicit ImageViewInfo() noexcept = default;
+    explicit ImageViewInfo(const TICEntry& config, s32 base_layer) noexcept;
+    explicit ImageViewInfo(ImageViewType type, PixelFormat format,
+                           SubresourceRange range = {}) noexcept;
+
+    auto operator<=>(const ImageViewInfo&) const noexcept = default;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsRenderTarget() const noexcept;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::array<SwizzleSource, 4> Swizzle() const noexcept {
+        return std::array{
+            static_cast<SwizzleSource>(x_source),
+            static_cast<SwizzleSource>(y_source),
+            static_cast<SwizzleSource>(z_source),
+            static_cast<SwizzleSource>(w_source),
+        };
+    }
+
+    ImageViewType type{};
+    PixelFormat format{};
+    SubresourceRange range;
+    u8 x_source = static_cast<u8>(SwizzleSource::R);
+    u8 y_source = static_cast<u8>(SwizzleSource::G);
+    u8 z_source = static_cast<u8>(SwizzleSource::B);
+    u8 w_source = static_cast<u8>(SwizzleSource::A);
+};
+static_assert(std::has_unique_object_representations_v<ImageViewInfo>);
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/render_targets.h

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <span>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "common/bit_cast.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/types.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+/// Framebuffer properties used to lookup a framebuffer
+struct RenderTargets {
+    constexpr auto operator<=>(const RenderTargets&) const noexcept = default;
+
+    constexpr bool Contains(std::span<const ImageViewId> elements) const noexcept {
+        const auto contains = [elements](ImageViewId item) {
+            return std::ranges::find(elements, item) != elements.end();
+        };
+        return std::ranges::any_of(color_buffer_ids, contains) || contains(depth_buffer_id);
+    }
+
+    std::array<ImageViewId, NUM_RT> color_buffer_ids;
+    ImageViewId depth_buffer_id;
+    std::array<u8, NUM_RT> draw_buffers{};
+    Extent2D size;
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon
+
+namespace std {
+
+template <>
+struct hash<VideoCommon::RenderTargets> {
+    size_t operator()(const VideoCommon::RenderTargets& rt) const noexcept {
+        using VideoCommon::ImageViewId;
+        size_t value = std::hash<ImageViewId>{}(rt.depth_buffer_id);
+        for (const ImageViewId color_buffer_id : rt.color_buffer_ids) {
+            value ^= std::hash<ImageViewId>{}(color_buffer_id);
+        }
+        value ^= Common::BitCast<u64>(rt.draw_buffers);
+        value ^= Common::BitCast<u64>(rt.size);
+        return value;
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace std

src/video_core/texture_cache/samples_helper.h

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/texture.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+[[nodiscard]] inline std::pair<int, int> SamplesLog2(int num_samples) {
+    switch (num_samples) {
+    case 1:
+        return {0, 0};
+    case 2:
+        return {1, 0};
+    case 4:
+        return {1, 1};
+    case 8:
+        return {2, 1};
+    case 16:
+        return {2, 2};
+    }
+    UNREACHABLE_MSG("Invalid number of samples={}", num_samples);
+    return {1, 1};
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] inline int NumSamples(Tegra::Texture::MsaaMode msaa_mode) {
+    using Tegra::Texture::MsaaMode;
+    switch (msaa_mode) {
+    case MsaaMode::Msaa1x1:
+        return 1;
+    case MsaaMode::Msaa2x1:
+    case MsaaMode::Msaa2x1_D3D:
+        return 2;
+    case MsaaMode::Msaa2x2:
+    case MsaaMode::Msaa2x2_VC4:
+    case MsaaMode::Msaa2x2_VC12:
+        return 4;
+    case MsaaMode::Msaa4x2:
+    case MsaaMode::Msaa4x2_D3D:
+    case MsaaMode::Msaa4x2_VC8:
+    case MsaaMode::Msaa4x2_VC24:
+        return 8;
+    case MsaaMode::Msaa4x4:
+        return 16;
+    }
+    UNREACHABLE_MSG("Invalid MSAA mode={}", static_cast<int>(msaa_mode));
+    return 1;
+}
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/slot_vector.h

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <concepts>
+#include <numeric>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+struct SlotId {
+    static constexpr u32 INVALID_INDEX = std::numeric_limits<u32>::max();
+
+    constexpr auto operator<=>(const SlotId&) const noexcept = default;
+
+    constexpr explicit operator bool() const noexcept {
+        return index != INVALID_INDEX;
+    }
+
+    u32 index = INVALID_INDEX;
+};
+
+template <class T>
+requires std::is_nothrow_move_assignable_v<T>&&
+    std::is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<T> class SlotVector {
+public:
+    ~SlotVector() noexcept {
+        size_t index = 0;
+        for (u64 bits : stored_bitset) {
+            for (size_t bit = 0; bits; ++bit, bits >>= 1) {
+                if ((bits & 1) != 0) {
+                    values[index + bit].object.~T();
+                }
+            }
+            index += 64;
+        }
+        delete[] values;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] T& operator[](SlotId id) noexcept {
+        ValidateIndex(id);
+        return values[id.index].object;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] const T& operator[](SlotId id) const noexcept {
+        ValidateIndex(id);
+        return values[id.index].object;
+    }
+
+    template <typename... Args>
+    [[nodiscard]] SlotId insert(Args&&... args) noexcept {
+        const u32 index = FreeValueIndex();
+        new (&values[index].object) T(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+        SetStorageBit(index);
+
+        return SlotId{index};
+    }
+
+    void erase(SlotId id) noexcept {
+        values[id.index].object.~T();
+        free_list.push_back(id.index);
+        ResetStorageBit(id.index);
+    }
+
+private:
+    struct NonTrivialDummy {
+        NonTrivialDummy() noexcept {}
+    };
+
+    union Entry {
+        Entry() noexcept : dummy{} {}
+        ~Entry() noexcept {}
+
+        NonTrivialDummy dummy;
+        T object;
+    };
+
+    void SetStorageBit(u32 index) noexcept {
+        stored_bitset[index / 64] |= u64(1) << (index % 64);
+    }
+
+    void ResetStorageBit(u32 index) noexcept {
+        stored_bitset[index / 64] &= ~(u64(1) << (index % 64));
+    }
+
+    bool ReadStorageBit(u32 index) noexcept {
+        return ((stored_bitset[index / 64] >> (index % 64)) & 1) != 0;
+    }
+
+    void ValidateIndex(SlotId id) const noexcept {
+        DEBUG_ASSERT(id);
+        DEBUG_ASSERT(id.index / 64 < stored_bitset.size());
+        DEBUG_ASSERT(((stored_bitset[id.index / 64] >> (id.index % 64)) & 1) != 0);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] u32 FreeValueIndex() noexcept {
+        if (free_list.empty()) {
+            Reserve(values_capacity ? (values_capacity << 1) : 1);
+        }
+        const u32 free_index = free_list.back();
+        free_list.pop_back();
+        return free_index;
+    }
+
+    void Reserve(size_t new_capacity) noexcept {
+        Entry* const new_values = new Entry[new_capacity];
+        size_t index = 0;
+        for (u64 bits : stored_bitset) {
+            for (size_t bit = 0; bits; ++bit, bits >>= 1) {
+                const size_t i = index + bit;
+                if ((bits & 1) == 0) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                T& old_value = values[i].object;
+                new (&new_values[i].object) T(std::move(old_value));
+                old_value.~T();
+            }
+            index += 64;
+        }
+
+        stored_bitset.resize((new_capacity + 63) / 64);
+
+        const size_t old_free_size = free_list.size();
+        free_list.resize(old_free_size + (new_capacity - values_capacity));
+        std::iota(free_list.begin() + old_free_size, free_list.end(),
+                  static_cast<u32>(values_capacity));
+
+        delete[] values;
+        values = new_values;
+        values_capacity = new_capacity;
+    }
+
+    Entry* values = nullptr;
+    size_t values_capacity = 0;
+    size_t values_size = 0;
+
+    std::vector<u64> stored_bitset;
+    std::vector<u32> free_list;
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon
+
+template <>
+struct std::hash<VideoCommon::SlotId> {
+    size_t operator()(const VideoCommon::SlotId& id) const noexcept {
+        return std::hash<u32>{}(id.index);
+    }
+};

src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h

@@ -0,0 +1,354 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <bit>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <optional>
+#include <span>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/alignment.h"
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/logging/log.h"
+#include "video_core/compatible_formats.h"
+#include "video_core/delayed_destruction_ring.h"
+#include "video_core/dirty_flags.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/kepler_compute.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
+#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+#include "video_core/rasterizer_interface.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/descriptor_table.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/format_lookup_table.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_base.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_info.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_view_base.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_view_info.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/render_targets.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/slot_vector.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/types.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/texture.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+using Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource;
+using Tegra::Texture::TextureType;
+using Tegra::Texture::TICEntry;
+using Tegra::Texture::TSCEntry;
+using VideoCore::Surface::GetFormatType;
+using VideoCore::Surface::IsCopyCompatible;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromDepthFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType;
+
+template <class P>
+class TextureCache {
+    /// Address shift for caching images into a hash table
+    static constexpr u64 PAGE_SHIFT = 20;
+
+    /// Enables debugging features to the texture cache
+    static constexpr bool ENABLE_VALIDATION = P::ENABLE_VALIDATION;
+    /// Implement blits as copies between framebuffers
+    static constexpr bool FRAMEBUFFER_BLITS = P::FRAMEBUFFER_BLITS;
+    /// True when some copies have to be emulated
+    static constexpr bool HAS_EMULATED_COPIES = P::HAS_EMULATED_COPIES;
+
+    /// Image view ID for null descriptors
+    static constexpr ImageViewId NULL_IMAGE_VIEW_ID{0};
+    /// Sampler ID for bugged sampler ids
+    static constexpr SamplerId NULL_SAMPLER_ID{0};
+
+    using Runtime = typename P::Runtime;
+    using Image = typename P::Image;
+    using ImageAlloc = typename P::ImageAlloc;
+    using ImageView = typename P::ImageView;
+    using Sampler = typename P::Sampler;
+    using Framebuffer = typename P::Framebuffer;
+
+    struct BlitImages {
+        ImageId dst_id;
+        ImageId src_id;
+        PixelFormat dst_format;
+        PixelFormat src_format;
+    };
+
+    template <typename T>
+    struct IdentityHash {
+        [[nodiscard]] size_t operator()(T value) const noexcept {
+            return static_cast<size_t>(value);
+        }
+    };
+
+public:
+    explicit TextureCache(Runtime&, VideoCore::RasterizerInterface&, Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D&,
+                          Tegra::Engines::KeplerCompute&, Tegra::MemoryManager&);
+
+    /// Notify the cache that a new frame has been queued
+    void TickFrame();
+
+    /// Return an unique mutually exclusive lock for the cache
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_lock<std::mutex> AcquireLock();
+
+    /// Return a constant reference to the given image view id
+    [[nodiscard]] const ImageView& GetImageView(ImageViewId id) const noexcept;
+
+    /// Return a reference to the given image view id
+    [[nodiscard]] ImageView& GetImageView(ImageViewId id) noexcept;
+
+    /// Fill image_view_ids with the graphics images in indices
+    void FillGraphicsImageViews(std::span<const u32> indices,
+                                std::span<ImageViewId> image_view_ids);
+
+    /// Fill image_view_ids with the compute images in indices
+    void FillComputeImageViews(std::span<const u32> indices, std::span<ImageViewId> image_view_ids);
+
+    /// Get the sampler from the graphics descriptor table in the specified index
+    Sampler* GetGraphicsSampler(u32 index);
+
+    /// Get the sampler from the compute descriptor table in the specified index
+    Sampler* GetComputeSampler(u32 index);
+
+    /// Refresh the state for graphics image view and sampler descriptors
+    void SynchronizeGraphicsDescriptors();
+
+    /// Refresh the state for compute image view and sampler descriptors
+    void SynchronizeComputeDescriptors();
+
+    /// Update bound render targets and upload memory if necessary
+    /// @param is_clear True when the render targets are being used for clears
+    void UpdateRenderTargets(bool is_clear);
+
+    /// Find a framebuffer with the currently bound render targets
+    /// UpdateRenderTargets should be called before this
+    Framebuffer* GetFramebuffer();
+
+    /// Mark images in a range as modified from the CPU
+    void WriteMemory(VAddr cpu_addr, size_t size);
+
+    /// Download contents of host images to guest memory in a region
+    void DownloadMemory(VAddr cpu_addr, size_t size);
+
+    /// Remove images in a region
+    void UnmapMemory(VAddr cpu_addr, size_t size);
+
+    /// Blit an image with the given parameters
+    void BlitImage(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& dst,
+                   const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& src,
+                   const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy);
+
+    /// Invalidate the contents of the color buffer index
+    /// These contents become unspecified, the cache can assume aggressive optimizations.
+    void InvalidateColorBuffer(size_t index);
+
+    /// Invalidate the contents of the depth buffer
+    /// These contents become unspecified, the cache can assume aggressive optimizations.
+    void InvalidateDepthBuffer();
+
+    /// Try to find a cached image view in the given CPU address
+    [[nodiscard]] ImageView* TryFindFramebufferImageView(VAddr cpu_addr);
+
+    /// Return true when there are uncommitted images to be downloaded
+    [[nodiscard]] bool HasUncommittedFlushes() const noexcept;
+
+    /// Return true when the caller should wait for async downloads
+    [[nodiscard]] bool ShouldWaitAsyncFlushes() const noexcept;
+
+    /// Commit asynchronous downloads
+    void CommitAsyncFlushes();
+
+    /// Pop asynchronous downloads
+    void PopAsyncFlushes();
+
+    /// Return true when a CPU region is modified from the GPU
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsRegionGpuModified(VAddr addr, size_t size);
+
+private:
+    /// Iterate over all page indices in a range
+    template <typename Func>
+    static void ForEachPage(VAddr addr, size_t size, Func&& func) {
+        static constexpr bool RETURNS_BOOL = std::is_same_v<std::invoke_result<Func, u64>, bool>;
+        const u64 page_end = (addr + size - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+        for (u64 page = addr >> PAGE_SHIFT; page <= page_end; ++page) {
+            if constexpr (RETURNS_BOOL) {
+                if (func(page)) {
+                    break;
+                }
+            } else {
+                func(page);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Fills image_view_ids in the image views in indices
+    void FillImageViews(DescriptorTable<TICEntry>& table,
+                        std::span<ImageViewId> cached_image_view_ids, std::span<const u32> indices,
+                        std::span<ImageViewId> image_view_ids);
+
+    /// Find or create an image view in the guest descriptor table
+    ImageViewId VisitImageView(DescriptorTable<TICEntry>& table,
+                               std::span<ImageViewId> cached_image_view_ids, u32 index);
+
+    /// Find or create a framebuffer with the given render target parameters
+    FramebufferId GetFramebufferId(const RenderTargets& key);
+
+    /// Refresh the contents (pixel data) of an image
+    void RefreshContents(Image& image);
+
+    /// Upload data from guest to an image
+    template <typename MapBuffer>
+    void UploadImageContents(Image& image, MapBuffer& map, size_t buffer_offset);
+
+    /// Find or create an image view from a guest descriptor
+    [[nodiscard]] ImageViewId FindImageView(const TICEntry& config);
+
+    /// Create a new image view from a guest descriptor
+    [[nodiscard]] ImageViewId CreateImageView(const TICEntry& config);
+
+    /// Find or create an image from the given parameters
+    [[nodiscard]] ImageId FindOrInsertImage(const ImageInfo& info, GPUVAddr gpu_addr,
+                                            RelaxedOptions options = RelaxedOptions{});
+
+    /// Find an image from the given parameters
+    [[nodiscard]] ImageId FindImage(const ImageInfo& info, GPUVAddr gpu_addr,
+                                    RelaxedOptions options);
+
+    /// Create an image from the given parameters
+    [[nodiscard]] ImageId InsertImage(const ImageInfo& info, GPUVAddr gpu_addr,
+                                      RelaxedOptions options);
+
+    /// Create a new image and join perfectly matching existing images
+    /// Remove joined images from the cache
+    [[nodiscard]] ImageId JoinImages(const ImageInfo& info, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, VAddr cpu_addr);
+
+    /// Return a blit image pair from the given guest blit parameters
+    [[nodiscard]] BlitImages GetBlitImages(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& dst,
+                                           const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Surface& src);
+
+    /// Find or create a sampler from a guest descriptor sampler
+    [[nodiscard]] SamplerId FindSampler(const TSCEntry& config);
+
+    /// Find or create an image view for the given color buffer index
+    [[nodiscard]] ImageViewId FindColorBuffer(size_t index, bool is_clear);
+
+    /// Find or create an image view for the depth buffer
+    [[nodiscard]] ImageViewId FindDepthBuffer(bool is_clear);
+
+    /// Find or create a view for a render target with the given image parameters
+    [[nodiscard]] ImageViewId FindRenderTargetView(const ImageInfo& info, GPUVAddr gpu_addr,
+                                                   bool is_clear);
+
+    /// Iterates over all the images in a region calling func
+    template <typename Func>
+    void ForEachImageInRegion(VAddr cpu_addr, size_t size, Func&& func);
+
+    /// Find or create an image view in the given image with the passed parameters
+    [[nodiscard]] ImageViewId FindOrEmplaceImageView(ImageId image_id, const ImageViewInfo& info);
+
+    /// Register image in the page table
+    void RegisterImage(ImageId image);
+
+    /// Unregister image from the page table
+    void UnregisterImage(ImageId image);
+
+    /// Track CPU reads and writes for image
+    void TrackImage(ImageBase& image);
+
+    /// Stop tracking CPU reads and writes for image
+    void UntrackImage(ImageBase& image);
+
+    /// Delete image from the cache
+    void DeleteImage(ImageId image);
+
+    /// Remove image views references from the cache
+    void RemoveImageViewReferences(std::span<const ImageViewId> removed_views);
+
+    /// Remove framebuffers using the given image views from the cache
+    void RemoveFramebuffers(std::span<const ImageViewId> removed_views);
+
+    /// Mark an image as modified from the GPU
+    void MarkModification(ImageBase& image) noexcept;
+
+    /// Synchronize image aliases, copying data if needed
+    void SynchronizeAliases(ImageId image_id);
+
+    /// Prepare an image to be used
+    void PrepareImage(ImageId image_id, bool is_modification, bool invalidate);
+
+    /// Prepare an image view to be used
+    void PrepareImageView(ImageViewId image_view_id, bool is_modification, bool invalidate);
+
+    /// Execute copies from one image to the other, even if they are incompatible
+    void CopyImage(ImageId dst_id, ImageId src_id, std::span<const ImageCopy> copies);
+
+    /// Bind an image view as render target, downloading resources preemtively if needed
+    void BindRenderTarget(ImageViewId* old_id, ImageViewId new_id);
+
+    /// Create a render target from a given image and image view parameters
+    [[nodiscard]] std::pair<FramebufferId, ImageViewId> RenderTargetFromImage(
+        ImageId, const ImageViewInfo& view_info);
+
+    /// Returns true if the current clear parameters clear the whole image of a given image view
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsFullClear(ImageViewId id);
+
+    Runtime& runtime;
+    VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer;
+    Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D& maxwell3d;
+    Tegra::Engines::KeplerCompute& kepler_compute;
+    Tegra::MemoryManager& gpu_memory;
+
+    DescriptorTable<TICEntry> graphics_image_table{gpu_memory};
+    DescriptorTable<TSCEntry> graphics_sampler_table{gpu_memory};
+    std::vector<SamplerId> graphics_sampler_ids;
+    std::vector<ImageViewId> graphics_image_view_ids;
+
+    DescriptorTable<TICEntry> compute_image_table{gpu_memory};
+    DescriptorTable<TSCEntry> compute_sampler_table{gpu_memory};
+    std::vector<SamplerId> compute_sampler_ids;
+    std::vector<ImageViewId> compute_image_view_ids;
+
+    RenderTargets render_targets;
+
+    std::mutex mutex;
+
+    std::unordered_map<TICEntry, ImageViewId> image_views;
+    std::unordered_map<TSCEntry, SamplerId> samplers;
+    std::unordered_map<RenderTargets, FramebufferId> framebuffers;
+
+    std::unordered_map<u64, std::vector<ImageId>, IdentityHash<u64>> page_table;
+
+    bool has_deleted_images = false;
+
+    SlotVector<Image> slot_images;
+    SlotVector<ImageView> slot_image_views;
+    SlotVector<ImageAlloc> slot_image_allocs;
+    SlotVector<Sampler> slot_samplers;
+    SlotVector<Framebuffer> slot_framebuffers;
+
+    // TODO: This data structure is not optimal and it should be reworked
+    std::vector<ImageId> uncommitted_downloads;
+    std::queue<std::vector<ImageId>> committed_downloads;
+
+    static constexpr size_t TICKS_TO_DESTROY = 6;
+    DelayedDestructionRing<Image, TICKS_TO_DESTROY> sentenced_images;
+    DelayedDestructionRing<ImageView, TICKS_TO_DESTROY> sentenced_image_view;
+    DelayedDestructionRing<Framebuffer, TICKS_TO_DESTROY> sentenced_framebuffers;
+
+    std::unordered_map<GPUVAddr, ImageAllocId> image_allocs_table;
+
+    u64 modification_tick = 0;
+    u64 frame_tick = 0;
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon
+
+#include "texture_cache.inl"

src/video_core/texture_cache/types.h

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/slot_vector.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+constexpr size_t NUM_RT = 8;
+constexpr size_t MAX_MIP_LEVELS = 14;
+
+constexpr SlotId CORRUPT_ID{0xfffffffe};
+
+using ImageId = SlotId;
+using ImageViewId = SlotId;
+using ImageAllocId = SlotId;
+using SamplerId = SlotId;
+using FramebufferId = SlotId;
+
+enum class ImageType : u32 {
+    e1D,
+    e2D,
+    e3D,
+    Linear,
+    Buffer,
+};
+
+enum class ImageViewType : u32 {
+    e1D,
+    e2D,
+    Cube,
+    e3D,
+    e1DArray,
+    e2DArray,
+    CubeArray,
+    Rect,
+    Buffer,
+};
+constexpr size_t NUM_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPES = 9;
+
+enum class RelaxedOptions : u32 {
+    Size = 1 << 0,
+    Format = 1 << 1,
+    Samples = 1 << 2,
+};
+DECLARE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS(RelaxedOptions)
+
+struct Offset2D {
+    constexpr auto operator<=>(const Offset2D&) const noexcept = default;
+
+    s32 x;
+    s32 y;
+};
+
+struct Offset3D {
+    constexpr auto operator<=>(const Offset3D&) const noexcept = default;
+
+    s32 x;
+    s32 y;
+    s32 z;
+};
+
+struct Extent2D {
+    constexpr auto operator<=>(const Extent2D&) const noexcept = default;
+
+    u32 width;
+    u32 height;
+};
+
+struct Extent3D {
+    constexpr auto operator<=>(const Extent3D&) const noexcept = default;
+
+    u32 width;
+    u32 height;
+    u32 depth;
+};
+
+struct SubresourceLayers {
+    s32 base_level = 0;
+    s32 base_layer = 0;
+    s32 num_layers = 1;
+};
+
+struct SubresourceBase {
+    constexpr auto operator<=>(const SubresourceBase&) const noexcept = default;
+
+    s32 level = 0;
+    s32 layer = 0;
+};
+
+struct SubresourceExtent {
+    constexpr auto operator<=>(const SubresourceExtent&) const noexcept = default;
+
+    s32 levels = 1;
+    s32 layers = 1;
+};
+
+struct SubresourceRange {
+    constexpr auto operator<=>(const SubresourceRange&) const noexcept = default;
+
+    SubresourceBase base;
+    SubresourceExtent extent;
+};
+
+struct ImageCopy {
+    SubresourceLayers src_subresource;
+    SubresourceLayers dst_subresource;
+    Offset3D src_offset;
+    Offset3D dst_offset;
+    Extent3D extent;
+};
+
+struct BufferImageCopy {
+    size_t buffer_offset;
+    size_t buffer_size;
+    u32 buffer_row_length;
+    u32 buffer_image_height;
+    SubresourceLayers image_subresource;
+    Offset3D image_offset;
+    Extent3D image_extent;
+};
+
+struct BufferCopy {
+    size_t src_offset;
+    size_t dst_offset;
+    size_t size;
+};
+
+struct SwizzleParameters {
+    Extent3D num_tiles;
+    Extent3D block;
+    size_t buffer_offset;
+    s32 level;
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/util.h

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+// Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <optional>
+#include <span>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_base.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/image_view_base.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/types.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/texture.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+using Tegra::Texture::TICEntry;
+
+struct OverlapResult {
+    GPUVAddr gpu_addr;
+    VAddr cpu_addr;
+    SubresourceExtent resources;
+};
+
+[[nodiscard]] u32 CalculateGuestSizeInBytes(const ImageInfo& info) noexcept;
+
+[[nodiscard]] u32 CalculateUnswizzledSizeBytes(const ImageInfo& info) noexcept;
+
+[[nodiscard]] u32 CalculateConvertedSizeBytes(const ImageInfo& info) noexcept;
+
+[[nodiscard]] u32 CalculateLayerStride(const ImageInfo& info) noexcept;
+
+[[nodiscard]] u32 CalculateLayerSize(const ImageInfo& info) noexcept;
+
+[[nodiscard]] std::array<u32, MAX_MIP_LEVELS> CalculateMipLevelOffsets(
+    const ImageInfo& info) noexcept;
+
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<u32> CalculateSliceOffsets(const ImageInfo& info);
+
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<SubresourceBase> CalculateSliceSubresources(const ImageInfo& info);
+
+[[nodiscard]] u32 CalculateLevelStrideAlignment(const ImageInfo& info, u32 level);
+
+[[nodiscard]] VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat PixelFormatFromTIC(
+    const Tegra::Texture::TICEntry& config) noexcept;
+
+[[nodiscard]] ImageViewType RenderTargetImageViewType(const ImageInfo& info) noexcept;
+
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<ImageCopy> MakeShrinkImageCopies(const ImageInfo& dst,
+                                                           const ImageInfo& src,
+                                                           SubresourceBase base);
+
+[[nodiscard]] bool IsValidAddress(const Tegra::MemoryManager& gpu_memory, const TICEntry& config);
+
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<BufferImageCopy> UnswizzleImage(Tegra::MemoryManager& gpu_memory,
+                                                          GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const ImageInfo& info,
+                                                          std::span<u8> output);
+
+[[nodiscard]] BufferCopy UploadBufferCopy(Tegra::MemoryManager& gpu_memory, GPUVAddr gpu_addr,
+                                          const ImageBase& image, std::span<u8> output);
+
+void ConvertImage(std::span<const u8> input, const ImageInfo& info, std::span<u8> output,
+                  std::span<BufferImageCopy> copies);
+
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<BufferImageCopy> FullDownloadCopies(const ImageInfo& info);
+
+[[nodiscard]] Extent3D MipSize(Extent3D size, u32 level);
+
+[[nodiscard]] Extent3D MipBlockSize(const ImageInfo& info, u32 level);
+
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<SwizzleParameters> FullUploadSwizzles(const ImageInfo& info);
+
+void SwizzleImage(Tegra::MemoryManager& gpu_memory, GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const ImageInfo& info,
+                  std::span<const BufferImageCopy> copies, std::span<const u8> memory);
+
+[[nodiscard]] bool IsBlockLinearSizeCompatible(const ImageInfo& new_info,
+                                               const ImageInfo& overlap_info, u32 new_level,
+                                               u32 overlap_level, bool strict_size) noexcept;
+
+[[nodiscard]] bool IsPitchLinearSameSize(const ImageInfo& lhs, const ImageInfo& rhs,
+                                         bool strict_size) noexcept;
+
+[[nodiscard]] std::optional<OverlapResult> ResolveOverlap(const ImageInfo& new_info,
+                                                          GPUVAddr gpu_addr, VAddr cpu_addr,
+                                                          const ImageBase& overlap,
+                                                          bool strict_size);
+
+[[nodiscard]] bool IsLayerStrideCompatible(const ImageInfo& lhs, const ImageInfo& rhs);
+
+[[nodiscard]] std::optional<SubresourceBase> FindSubresource(const ImageInfo& candidate,
+                                                             const ImageBase& image,
+                                                             GPUVAddr candidate_addr,
+                                                             RelaxedOptions options);
+
+[[nodiscard]] bool IsSubresource(const ImageInfo& candidate, const ImageBase& image,
+                                 GPUVAddr candidate_addr, RelaxedOptions options);
+
+void DeduceBlitImages(ImageInfo& dst_info, ImageInfo& src_info, const ImageBase* dst,
+                      const ImageBase* src);
+
+[[nodiscard]] u32 MapSizeBytes(const ImageBase& image);
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon